There is growing recognition that primary prevention, including behavior change, must be central in the fight against HIV/AIDS. The earlier successes in Thailand and Uganda may not be fully relevant to the severely affected countries of southern Africa.

Globally, girls and young women are more likely to be HIV positive than their male peers, due in large part to an array of gender inequalities that negatively impact their mental and physical well being.

This manual is the outcome of a youth-led project by Restless Development Zambia (supported by Irish AID) to identify, document and highlight civil society anti-HIV and AIDS initiatives that have had proven awareness raising and programmatic impact in the education sector in Zambia.

According to the World Health Organisation (WHO), life skills are defined as the abilities for adaptive and positive behaviours that enable individuals to effectively deal with demands and challenges of everyday life (WHO, 1993).

The overall goal of Stay Healthy: A Gender-Transformative HIV Prevention Curriculum for Youth in Namibia is to prevent HIV infection among Namibian youth aged 13-18.

This publication describes three German-supported initiatives in Africa (specifically in Guinea, Mozambique and Tanzania) and one in Latin America (a six-country regional initiative). All integrate sexual health and HIV prevention within school systems.

Communication for Change (C-Change) works around the world to improve the effectiveness and sustainability of social and behavior change communication (SBCC) across program areas, including health, environment, economic growth and poverty alleviation, and democracy and governance.

Uganda’s HIV success story has become increasingly focused around the idea of ‘ABC’ (Abstain, Be faithful or use Condoms). During the George W. Bush administration, the US Government has promoted one specific ABC model for its development agencies, with a particular emphasis on abstinence.

This paper compares the sexual behaviors of young people in South Africa (SA) and the United States (US) with the aim of better understanding the potential role of sexual behavior in HIV transmission in these two countries that have strikingly different HIV epidemics.

Background: Previous research has suggested that orphaned children and adolescents might have elevated risk for HIV infection. We examined the state of evidence regarding the association between orphan status and HIV risk in studies of youth aged 24 years and younger.