This is a working paper for discussion within the Regional Inter-Agency Task Team on Children Affected by HIV AIDS in the West and Central African Region (RIATT/CABA-WCAR).

This study aimed to identify risk factors for HIV infection among women aged 15-24 years who reported having one lifetime sexual partner in South Africa. A 2003 household survey of 11,904 15-24 year old women on sexual behavior and HIV testing was used.

We examined the association of orphanhood and completion of compulsory school education among young people in South Africa. In South Africa, school attendance is compulsory through grade 9, which should be completed before age 16.

This synthesis report summarizes main findings from case studies in Ethiopia, Kenya, Uganda and Zambia that examined the response of teacher training colleges to HIV and AIDS.

HIV and AIDS constitute a very serious problem in societies with a high HIV and AIDS prevalence, and require urgent and immediate attention on all levels.

This book explores the current situation with regard to HIV and AIDS in four teacher training institutions in Ethiopia. It aims to analyze their responses to the pandemic and the measures taken to mitigate its impact.

The book shows that while gender inequalities in society generally, and particularly within the education sector, are driving aspects of the HIV epidemic, educational settings can be empowering and bring about change.

The global HIV and AIDS epidemic has affected sub-Saharan Africa more than any other region in the world. AIDS deaths in sub-Saharan Africa account for 72% of AIDS deaths worldwide.

The papers explore some of the factors that are driving the current epidemic in southern Africa. These include the practice of age disparate and intergenerational sex; biological vulnerability of young women; economic empowerment; education and gender-based violence.

In 2005, an estimated 48 million children aged 0-18 years, that is to say 12 percent of all children in sub-Saharan Africa, were orphans, and that number is expected to rise to 53 million by 2010.