This document summarises the key issues regarding HIV and AIDS and the education sector and is based primarily on a review of published literature and the Commonwealth Secretariat (Comsec) and Association for the Development of Education in Africa (ADEA) regional workshop held from 12 to 14 September 2006 in South Africa. Section 1 briefly reviews HIV and AIDS and the need for an accelerated response. Section 2 focuses on HIV and AIDS and Education Sector Responses.Section 3 highlights the evidence regarding mass campaigns for HIV and AIDS prevention, education and advocacy. Section 4 summarises the evidence on Girls, Gender and Education.Section 5 focuses on HIV and AIDS education in schools.Section 6 reviews programmes for out-of-school young peopleSection 7 focuses on teachers infected or affected by HIV and AIDS. Section 8 briefly reviews community responses, care and support.