The role of education is important for providing the right educational messages on HIV prevention and mitigation, and reduction of stigma and discrimination against people infected and affected by HIV and AIDS. UNESCO considers it as one important area that the education sector can contribute and make education sector response a low cost and high impact initiative. In case of Nepal, we have no evidence on what the education sector has done to prevent HIV and mitigate its impact. To what level the education sector itself has been impacted by HIV and AIDS is also not known. Questions are often raised about what pedagogical and other approaches are being taken, and to what extent those approaches meet the needs of adolescents, teachers and MOE staff. This study initiated by UNESCO Nepal Office and supported by UN Country Team, MOE and MOH, intended to review all the efforts made in the education sector in order to prevent, manage, and mitigate the impact of HIV and AIDS in Nepal. The study was commissioned to an independent consultant and conducted in February 2009.