School-age children in Rwanda face many challenges related to poor health and poverty such as: environmental hazards including inadequate water, sanitation facilities and school infrastructure, communicable and non-communicable diseases and gender-based violence. These factors influence the learners’ attendance and ability to concentrate on lessons. In order to improve this learning environment, the Government of Rwanda developed a comprehensive School Health Policy and Strategic Plan with recommended policy actions in eight key areas: (1) health promotion and disease prevention and control; (2) HIV, AIDS and other STIs; (3) sexual and reproductive health and rights; (4) environmental health; (5) school nutrition; (6) physical education; (7) mental health; (8) gender and GBV issues.