This updated review will focus on interventions carried out and/or published from January 2005 - December 2008. Since the first Steady, Ready, Go! (SRG) review was carried out, the results of several major randomized controlled trials of adolescent HIV prevention interventions conducted in Africa have been reported. In view of the urgency of improving prevention programmes for young people and the research and evaluation findings that have recently become available, it is timely to re-evaluate the evidence for HIV prevention in young people in order to reassess the way forward, and the guidance that can be given to policy makers, programmers and funders to take to scale the most promising, evidence-based interventions to prevent HIV among young people, and to update the recommendations for priorities for research. The overall goal of this report is to systematically review and update the evidence for the effectiveness of HIV/AIDS prevention interventions in young people in sub-Saharan Africa. For this review, we included studies of interventions in one or more of three settings: interventions in schools, interventions to increase the use of health facilities, and interventions in geographically-defined communities.