As part of the coordinated global education response to the COVID-19 pandemic, UNESCO, UNICEF and the World Bank have conducted a Survey on National Education Responses to COVID-19 School Closures. In this joint report, the authors analyze the results of the first two rounds of data collection administered by the UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS). They cover government responses to school closures from pre-primary to secondary education. The survey instrument was designed to capture de jure policy responses and perceptions from government officials on their effectiveness, providing a systematic understanding of deployed policies, practices, and intentions to date. The first section of the report addresses the potential learning losses implied by school closures, as well as policies to assess and remediate them. The second section addresses the various distance learning modalities deployed and the policies and strategies implemented to ensure their effectiveness, including policies to support teachers and parents and to boost access to and effectiveness of online learning. The third section addresses safe reopening strategies for all students and other system-level responses such as financing.