This document is intended to help individuals advocate for and implement HIV/AIDS/STI prevention through schools. Clearly showing that HIV prevention programmes are effective in reducing the risk of HIV infection among young people, it puts forward strong arguments for addressing HIV/AIDS/STI prevention through schools and why schools must accept the responsibility to educate their community members and work with them to determine the most appropriate and effective ways to prevent HIV infection among young people. It describes the concepts and qualities of a Health-Promoting School, specific ways in which schools can use their full organizational capacity to prevent HIV infection, and how each of the four components of FRESH (Focusing Resources on Effective School Health) model can be used to prevent HIV/AIDS/STI. The four components of FRESH are: school health policy, school environment, skills-based health education and school health and nutrition services. FRESH offers a strategic framework within which to develop an effective school health programme. Planning and evaluation are essential processes that enable the framework to be adapted to local resources and needs. Careful planning and documentation of outcomes enhances the success and sustainability of school health programme activities. The six tools are the following: Making the case for HIV/AIDS/STI prevention through schools; Planning HIV/STI interventions: conducting a situation analysis; Evaluating HIV/STI interventions; Characteristics of successful health education programmes to prevent HIV/AIDS; Guidelines for school health education to prevent the spread of AIDS; Addressing gender in HIV/AIDS prevention.