Special attention was given to the issues related to school violence in the studies conducted by a consortium known as Southern and Eastern Africa Consortium for Monitoring Educational Quality (SACMEQ). These issues were included in the form of research questions which sought information on pupils’ and teachers’ behavioural problems at the primary school level. This paper addresses the following three research questions: (1) What were the changes in the perceived occurrence of school violence in SACMEQ school systems between 2000 and 2007? (2) What were the differences in ‘school violence composite scores’ by the sex of school heads, by school location, by school type, and by school resource level within countries in 2007? (3) What were the gender differences in absenteeism and learning achievement in SACMEQ school systems with low and high perceived occurrence of school violence in 2007?